Manual zur Implementation von schulsportbezogenen Interventionen zur Reduktion der ADHS-Symptomatik bei Primarschulkindern

ackground – The main aim of this master thesis is to put together a manual, which will pro-vide a research overview about the application of physical activity, sport and exercise as a non-pharmalogical ADHD treatment intervention in compulsory physical education. Based on re-cent findings from contemporary studies and papers, the manual gives an answer to the follow-ing research question:
"How can the current state of research on ADHD, combined with the existing scientific knowledge concerning intervention measures for the non-pharmalogical treatment of ADHD symptoms in the setting of compulsory physical education be presented in a clear and structured manual for physical education teachers?"
Methods – In order to answer this research question, scientific databases [ResearchGate, Swisscovery, Springer Link, Google Scholar, Google Books], medical databases [PubMed], psychological databases [PsycArticles, PubPsych] and sports science databases [SPORTDis-cus] were consulted. To select the studies the abstracts were read in each case to assess the relevance of the document for the work based on certain criteria. These criteria included, among others, the most accurate validity and reliability of the study of the currently treated topic sec-tion, the topicality (as recent studies as possible) and characteristics of the samples (children and adolescents of primary school level as well as number of subjects). For a scientifically based explanation of the ADHD problem, additional literary documents were consulted. These were also assessed on the basis of certain quality characteristics: scientific (publisher - Springer, Thieme, Hogrefe, etc.) and evidence-based (study-based explanation of the disease character-istics).
Results – ADHD occurs worldwide in children with a prevalence of about 3 - 5%. The medical history of the disorder reaches far back into the 18th century. Based on scientific findings in the areas of aetiology and symptomatology, great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder. In addition to the use of medications such as amphetamine, atomox-etine, guanfacine and methylphenidate, current multimodal therapy approaches increasingly in-clude non-pharmacological forms of therapy, such as physical activity, sport and exercise. The effect of the physical activity depends on the characteristics of the sport itself as well as the stress parameters of the activity (frequency, volume, duration, intensity).
Conclusion – Teachers have a decisive influence on the development process of children. Therefore, a combination of the mentioned positive effect of physical activity with specific pedagogical and didactical interventions in physical education has great potential for the treat-ment of children with ADHD. However, for an optimal effectiveness of the interventions, an accurate coordination of the individual measures and a coordinated and structured approach is required.