The antitrypanosomal and antitubercular activity of some nitro(triazole/imidazole)-based aromatic amines

A limited number of novel 3-nitrotriazole- and 2-nitroimidazole-linked quinolines and quinazolines were synthesized and screened for in vitro antitrypanosomal and antitubercular activities as well as cytotoxicity in normal cells. All compounds were active against T. cruzi amastigotes, while all but one were active or moderately active against T. b. rhodesiense. However, only two chloroquinolines exhibited satisfactory selectivity indices (SI) against T. cruzi and only one of them demonstrated a satisfactory SI against T. b. rhodesiense. All tested compounds demonstrated a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ≥ 200 μM against aerobic Mtb. However, the 2-nitroimidazole-based analogs were active against hypoxic Mtb with MIC values 2.89-9.18 μM. The present data support our previous observations that 2-nitroimidazole-based aromatic amines are selectively active against nonreplicating Mtb, while 3-nitrotriazole-based aromatic amines are potent antichagasic agents.