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Ambient ultrafine particle levels at residential and reference sites in urban and rural Switzerland

Meier, Reto and Eeftens, Marloes and Aguilera, Inmaculada and Phuleria, Harish C. and Ineichen, Alex and Davey, Mark and Ragettli, Martina S. and Fierz, Martin and Schindler, Christian and Probst-Hensch, Nicole and Tsai, Ming-Yi and Künzli, Nino. (2015) Ambient ultrafine particle levels at residential and reference sites in urban and rural Switzerland. Environmental science & technology, Vol. 49, H. 5. pp. 2709-2715.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6357897

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Abstract

Although there is evidence that ultrafine particles (UFP) do affect human health there are currently no legal ambient standards. The main reasons are the absence of spatially resolved exposure data to investigate long-term health effects and the challenge of defining representative reference sites for monitoring given the high dependence of UFP on proximity to sources. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the spatial distribution of UFP in four areas of the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA) and to investigate the representativeness of routine air monitoring stations for residential sites in these areas. Repeated UFP measurements during three seasons have been conducted at a total of 80 residential sites and four area specific reference sites over a median duration of 7 days. Arithmetic mean residential PNC scattered around the median of 10,800 particles/cm(3) (interquartile range [IQR] = 7800 particles/cm(3)). Spatial within area contrasts (90th/10th percentile ratios) were around two; increased contrasts were observed during weekday rush-hours. Temporal UFP patterns were comparable at reference and residential sites in all areas. Our data show that central monitoring sites can represent residential conditions when locations are well chosen with respect to the local sources-namely traffic. For epidemiological research, locally resolved spatial models are needed to estimate individuals' long-term exposures to UFP of outdoor origin at home, during commute and at work.
Faculties and Departments:09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (EPH) > Chronic Disease Epidemiology > Exposome Science (Probst-Hensch)
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Public Health > Sozial- und Präventivmedizin > Exposome Science (Probst-Hensch)
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Public Health > Sozial- und Präventivmedizin > Air Pollution and Health (Künzli)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Former Units within Swiss TPH > Air Pollution and Health (Künzli)
UniBasel Contributors:Künzli, Nino and Eeftens, Marloes and Phuleria, Harish Chandra and Davey, Mark and Schindler, Christian and Probst Hensch, Nicole and Tsai, Ming
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:American Chemical Soc.
ISSN:0013-936X
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:10 Apr 2015 09:13
Deposited On:10 Apr 2015 09:13

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