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European small portable rainfall simulators : a comparison of rainfall characteristics

Iserloh, T. and Ries, J. B. and Arnaez, J. and Boix Fayos, C. and Butzen, V. and Cerdá, A. and Echeverría, M. and Fernández-Gálvez, J. and Fister, W. and Gómez, J. A. and Gómez-Macpherson, H. and Lázaro, R. and León, F. J. and Martínez-Mena, M. and Marzen, M. and Martínez-Murillo, J. F. and Ortigosa, L. and Peters, P. and Regüés, D. and Ruiz-Sinoga, J. D. and Seeger, M. and Solé-Benet, A. and Wengel, R. and Wirtz, S.. (2013) European small portable rainfall simulators : a comparison of rainfall characteristics. Catena, 110. pp. 100-112.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6164860

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Abstract

Small-scale portable rainfall simulators are an essential research tool for investigating the process dynamics of soil erosion and surface hydrology. There is no standardisation of rainfall simulation and such rainfall simulators differ in design, rainfall intensities, rain spectra and research questions,which impede drawing a meaningful comparison between results. Nevertheless, these data become progressively important for soil erosion assessment and therefore, the basis for decision-makers in application-oriented erosion protection. The artificially generated rainfall of the simulators used at the Universities Basel, La Rioja, Malaga, Trier, Tübingen, Valencia, Wageningen, Zaragoza, and at different CSIC (Spanish Scientific Research Council) institutes (Almeria, Cordoba, Granada, Murcia and Zaragoza) was measured with the same methods (Laser Precipitation Monitor for drop spectra and rain collectors for spatial distribution). Data are very beneficial for improvements of simulators and comparison of simulators and results. Furthermore, they can be used for comparative studies, e.g. with measured natural rainfall spectra. A broad range of rainfall data was measured (e.g. intensity: 37–360 mm h−1; Christiansen Coefficient for spatial rainfall distribution: 61–98%; median volumetric drop diameter: 0.375–6.5 mm; mean kinetic energy expenditure: 25–1322 J m−2 h−1;meankinetic energy per unit area and unit depth of rainfall: 0.77–50 J m−2 mm−1). Similarities among the simulators could be found e.g. concerning drop size distributions (maximum drop numbers are reached within the smallest drop classes b1 mm) and low fall velocities of bigger drops due to a general physical restriction. The comparison represents a good data-base for improvements and provides a consistent picture of the different parameters of the simulators that were tested.
Faculties and Departments:05 Faculty of Science > Departement Umweltwissenschaften > Geowissenschaften > Physiogeographie und Umweltwandel (Kuhn)
UniBasel Contributors:Fister, Wolfgang
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:0341-8162
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Identification Number:
Last Modified:30 Nov 2017 14:46
Deposited On:13 Sep 2013 07:52

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