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Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro

Simmler, L. D. and Buser, T. A. and Donzelli, M. and Schramm, Y. and Dieu, L. H. and Huwyler, J. and Chaboz, S. and Hoener, M. C. and Liechti, M. E.. (2012) Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro. British journal of pharmacology, Vol. 168, no. 2. pp. 458-470.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6043711

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Abstract

Background and purpose: Designer beta-keto amphetamines (e.g., cathinones, "bath salts," and "research chemicals") have become popular recreational drugs, but their pharmacology is poorly characterized. Experimental approach: We determined the potencies of cathinones to inhibit dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) transport into transporter-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells, DA and 5-HT efflux from monoamine-preloaded cells, and monoamine receptor binding affinity. Key results: Mephedrone, methylone, ethylone, butylone, and naphyrone act as nonselective monoamine uptake inhibitors, similar to cocaine. Mephedrone, methylone, ethylone, and butylone also release 5-HT, similar to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) and other entactogens. Cathinone, methcathinone, and flephedrone act as preferential DA and NA uptake inhibitors and DA releasers, similar to amphetamine and methamphetamine. Pyrovalerone and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) are highly potent and selective DA and NA transporter inhibitors but unlike amphetamines do not release monoamines. The non-beta-keto amphetamines are trace amine-associated receptor 1 ligands, whereas cathinones are not. All cathinones showed high blood-brain barrier permeability in an in vitro model. Mephedrone and MDPV exhibited particularly high permeability. Conclusions and implications: Cathinones have considerable pharmacological differences that form the basis for their suggested classification into three groups. The predominant action of all cathinones on the DA transporter is likely associated with a considerable risk of addiction. (c) 2012 The Authors. British Journal of Pharmacology (c) 2012 The British Pharmacological Society.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Biomedizin > Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel > Psychopharmacology Research (Liechti)
05 Faculty of Science > Departement Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften > Pharmazie > Pharmaceutical Technology (Huwyler)
05 Faculty of Science > Departement Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften > Pharmazie > Neuropharmacology (Simmler)
UniBasel Contributors:Huwyler, Jörg and Simmler, Linda and Dieu, Le-Ha and Liechti, Matthias Emanuel
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
ISSN:0007-1188
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:27 Apr 2023 03:10
Deposited On:01 Feb 2013 08:42

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