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Estimating and explaining cross-country variation in the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions during COVID-19

Banholzer, Nicolas and Feuerriegel, Stefan and Vach, Werner. (2022) Estimating and explaining cross-country variation in the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions during COVID-19. Scientific Reports, 12 (1). ARTN 7526.

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Official URL: https://edoc.unibas.ch/92262/

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Abstract

To control the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world have implemented nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as school closures or stay-at-home orders. Previous work has estimated the effectiveness of NPIs, yet without examining variation in NPI effectiveness across countries. Based on data from the first epidemic wave of n = 40 countries, we estimate country-specific differences in the effectiveness of NPIs via a semi-mechanistic Bayesian hierarchical model. Our estimates reveal substantial variation between countries, indicating that NPIs have been more effective in some countries (e. g. Switzerland, New Zealand, and Iceland) as compared to others (e. g. Singapore, South Africa, and France). We then explain differences in the effectiveness of NPIs through 12 country characteristics (e. g. population age, urbanization, employment, etc.). A positive association with country-specific effectiveness of NPIs was found for government effectiveness, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, population ages 65+, and health expenditures. Conversely, a negative association with effectiveness of NPIs was found for the share of informal employment, average household size and population density. Overall, the wealth and demographic structure of a country can explain variation in the effectiveness of NPIs.
Faculties and Departments:05 Faculty of Science > Departement Umweltwissenschaften > Integrative Biologie > Integrative Prähistorische und Naturwissenschaftliche Archäologie (IPNA Schünemann)
UniBasel Contributors:Vach, Werner
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN:2045-2322
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Identification Number:
Last Modified:16 Jan 2023 13:49
Deposited On:16 Jan 2023 13:49

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