edoc

Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections associated with wastewater and human excreta use in agriculture in Vietnam

Pham-Duc, P. and Nguyen-Viet, H. and Hattendorf, J. and Zinsstag, J. and Phung-Dac, C. and Zurbrügg, C. and Odermatt, P.. (2013) Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections associated with wastewater and human excreta use in agriculture in Vietnam. Parasitology international, Vol. 62, H. 2. pp. 172-180.

Full text not available from this repository.

Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6094071

Downloads: Statistics Overview

Abstract

BACKGROUND:We assessed the risk of helminth infections in association with the use of wastewater and excreta in agriculture in Hanam province, northern Vietnam. In two cross-sectional surveys, we obtained samples from 1,425 individuals from 453 randomly selected households. Kato-Katz thick smear and formalin-ether concentration techniques were used for helminth diagnosis in two stool samples per person. Socio-demographic and water, sanitation and hygiene related characteristics, including exposure to human and animal excreta and household wastewater management, were assessed with a questionnaire.RESULTS:Overall 47% of study participants were infected with any helminth (Ascaris lumbricoides 24%, Trichuris trichiura 40% and hookworm 2%). Infections with intestinal protozoa were rare (i.e. Entamoeba histolytica 6%, Entamoeba coli 2%, Giardia lamblia 2%, Cryptosporidium parvum 5% and Cyclospora cayetanensis 1%). People having close contact with polluted Nhue River water had a higher risk of helminth infections (odds ratio [OR]=1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-2.2) and A. lumbricoides (OR=2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.2), compared with those without contact. The use of human excreta for application in the field had an increased risk for a T. trichiura infection (OR=1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.3). In contrast, tap water use in households was a protective factor against any helminth infection (i.e. T. trichiura OR=0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9). Prevalences increased with age and males had generally lower prevalences (OR=0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0), participants performing agricultural (OR=1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1) and having a low educational level (OR=1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.4) were significantly associated with helminth infections. None of the factors related to household's sanitary condition, type of latrine, household's SES, use of animal excreta, and personal hygiene practices were statistically significant associated with helminth infection.CONCLUSIONS:Our study suggests that in agricultural settings, direct contact with water from Nhue River and the use of human excreta as fertiliser in the fields are important risk factors for helminth infection. Daily use of clean water is likely to reduce the risk of worm infection. Deworming policies and national programs should give more attention to these agricultural at risk populations.
Faculties and Departments:09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Department of Epidemiology and Public Health (EPH) > Human and Animal Health
UniBasel Contributors:Zinsstag, Jakob Z and Odermatt, Peter and Nguyen Viet, Hung
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:1383-5769
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Related URLs:
Identification Number:
Last Modified:19 Jul 2013 07:43
Deposited On:19 Jul 2013 07:38

Repository Staff Only: item control page