Predicting outcome of adults of status epilepticus

Status epilepticus (SE) is the most serious and life-threatening form of an epileptic seizure because it does not end spontaneously and may last for hours if not days or weeks depending on several factors. Repetitive uncontrolled discharges during SE may harm neurons and eventually lead to neuronal necrosis, apoptosis, and/or permanent dysfunction. Thus, immediate and rigorous treatment tailored to the individual condition is very important. In this context, reliable predictors of SE outcome at an early stage of treatment are essential for optimal therapy and to avoid under- or overtreated SE. The aim of this review is to compile detailed information on the validity and reliability of several clinical features known to determine outcome in SE.