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The protective effect of farm milk consumption on childhood asthma and atopy : the GABRIELA study

Loss, G. and Apprich, S. and Waser, M. and Kneifel, W. and Genuneit, J. and Büchele, G. and Weber, J. and Sozanska, B. and Danielewicz, H. and Horak, E. and van Neerven, R. J. and Heederik, D. and Lorenzen, P. C. and von Mutius, E. and Braun-Fahrländer, C. and Gabriela, study group. (2011) The protective effect of farm milk consumption on childhood asthma and atopy : the GABRIELA study. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 128 (4). pp. 766-773.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6002375

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Farm milk consumption has been identified as an exposure that might contribute to the protective effect of farm life on childhood asthma and allergies. The mechanism of action and the role of particular constituents of farm milk, however, are not yet clear. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the farm milk effect and determine responsible milk constituents. METHODS: In rural regions of Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, a comprehensive questionnaire about farm milk consumption and other farm-related exposures was completed by parents of 8334 school-aged children, and 7606 of them provided serum samples to assess specific IgE levels. In 800 cow's milk samples collected at the participants' homes, viable bacterial counts, whey protein levels, and total fat content were analyzed. Asthma, atopy, and hay fever were associated to reported milk consumption and for the first time to objectively measured milk constituents by using multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Reported raw milk consumption was inversely associated to asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.59; 95% CI, 0.46-0.74), atopy (aOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.61-0.90), and hay fever (aOR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.37-0.69) independent of other farm exposures. Boiled farm milk did not show a protective effect. Total viable bacterial counts and total fat content of milk were not significantly related to asthma or atopy. Increased levels of the whey proteins BSA (aOR for highest vs lowest levels and asthma, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30-0.97), alpha-lactalbumin (aOR for interquartile range and asthma, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52-0.97), and beta-lactoglobulin (aOR for interquartile range and asthma, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.39-0.97), however, were inversely associated with asthma but not with atopy. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the protective effect of raw milk consumption on asthma might be associated with the whey protein fraction of milk.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Bereich Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde (Klinik) > Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde (UKBB) > Pädiatrie (Frey)
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Klinische Forschung > Bereich Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde (Klinik) > Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde (UKBB) > Pädiatrie (Frey)
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Public Health > Sozial- und Präventivmedizin
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Former Units within Swiss TPH > Microbial Exposure & Childhood Allergies (Braun-Fahrländer)
UniBasel Contributors:Braun-Fahrländer, Charlotte and Frey, Urs Peter and Waser, Marco
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Mosby
ISSN:0091-6749
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:12 Nov 2018 11:02
Deposited On:11 Oct 2012 15:30

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