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PCR diagnosis of Opisthorchis viverrini and Haplorchis taichui infections in a Lao community in an area of endemicity and comparison of diagnostic methods for parasitological field surveys

Lovis, L. and Mak, T. K. and Phongluxa, K. and Soukhathammavong, P. and Sayasone, S. and Akkhavong, K. and Odermatt, P. and Keiser, J. and Felger, I.. (2009) PCR diagnosis of Opisthorchis viverrini and Haplorchis taichui infections in a Lao community in an area of endemicity and comparison of diagnostic methods for parasitological field surveys. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Vol. 47, H. 5. pp. 1517-1523.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A5843286

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Abstract

Opisthorchiasis is a major public health problem in Southeast Asia. Affected individuals often have mixed infections with the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini and minute intestinal flukes such as Haplorchis taichui. The usual methods of diagnosing these infections involve the demonstration of fluke eggs in stool samples under light microscopy, but sensitivity and specificity are low. We developed two PCR tests that detect and discriminate between O. viverrini and H. taichui infections. PCR tests were validated by stool samples from purged individuals. We then applied the PCR tests to estimate the prevalence of O. viverrini and H. taichui infections from a random sample of individuals selected from a community in an area of endemicity in Khong District, Laos. PCR results were compared with those from the Kato-Katz (KK) method and the formalin-ether concentration technique (FECT). When validated with purge results, PCR tests of O. viverrini and H. taichui had sensitivities of 93.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.8 to 97.9%) and 73.3% (95% CI, 60.3 to 83.9%) and could detect as little as 0.75 pg DNA and 1.32 ng DNA, respectively. The PCR-determined community prevalences of O. viverrini and H. taichui infections were 63.9% (95% CI, 54.1 to 72.9%) and 30.6% (95% CI, 22.1 to 40.2%), respectively. Using PCR as the gold standard to detect O. viverrini, three KK thick smears performed comparably well, whereas one KK smear and FECT were poorer (sensitivities of 91.4% [95% CI, 81.0 to 97.1%,], 62.3% [95% CI, 49.8 to 73.7%], and 49.3% [95% CI, 37.0 to 61.6%], respectively). PCR may be a valuable and sensitive diagnostic tool, particularly for low-intensity O. viverrini and H. taichui infections
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Bereich Medizinische Fächer (Klinik) > Klinische Pharmakologie
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Klinische Forschung > Bereich Medizinische Fächer (Klinik) > Klinische Pharmakologie
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Former Units within Swiss TPH > Molecular Diagnostics (Felger)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology (MPI) > Helminth Drug Development (Keiser)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Former Units within Swiss TPH > Health Impact Assessment (Utzinger)
UniBasel Contributors:Felger, Ingrid and Keiser, Jennifer and Odermatt, Peter
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Soc.
ISSN:1098-660X
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:01 Mar 2013 11:11
Deposited On:14 Sep 2012 06:42

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