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The relationship between ADHD and key cognitive phenotypes is not mediated by shared familial effects with IQ

Wood, A. C. and Rijsdijk, F. and Johnson, K. A. and Andreou, P. and Albrecht, B. and Arias-Vasquez, A. and Buitelaar, J. K. and McLoughlin, G. and Rommelse, N. N. J. and Sergeant, J. A. and Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. and Uebel, H. and van der Meere, J. J. and Banaschewski, T. and Gill, M. and Manor, I. and Miranda, A. and Mulas, F. and Oades, R. D. and Roeyers, H. and Rothenberger, A. and Steinhausen, H. C. and Faraone, S. V. and Asherson, P. and Kuntsi, J.. (2010) The relationship between ADHD and key cognitive phenotypes is not mediated by shared familial effects with IQ. Psychological medicine, Vol. 41, H. 4. pp. 861-871.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A5839889

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Twin and sibling studies have identified specific cognitive phenotypes that may mediate the association between genes and the clinical symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD is also associated with lower IQ scores. We aimed to investigate whether the familial association between measures of cognitive performance and the clinical diagnosis of ADHD is mediated through shared familial influences with IQ.MethodMultivariate familial models were run on data from 1265 individuals aged 6-18 years, comprising 920 participants from ADHD sibling pairs and 345 control participants. Cognitive assessments included a four-choice reaction time (RT) task, a go/no-go task, a choice-delay task and an IQ assessment. The analyses focused on the cognitive variables of mean RT (MRT), RT variability (RTV), commission errors (CE), omission errors (OE) and choice impulsivity (CI). RESULTS: Significant familial association (rF) was confirmed between cognitive performance and both ADHD (rF=0.41-0.71) and IQ (rF=-0.25 to -0.49). The association between ADHD and cognitive performance was largely independent (80-87%) of any contribution from etiological factors shared with IQ. The exception was for CI, where 49% of the overlap could be accounted for by the familial variance underlying IQ. CONCLUSIONS: The aetiological factors underlying lower IQ in ADHD seem to be distinct from those between ADHD and RT/error measures. This suggests that lower IQ does not account for the key cognitive impairments observed in ADHD. The results have implications for molecular genetic studies designed to identify genes involved in ADHD.
Faculties and Departments:07 Faculty of Psychology
07 Faculty of Psychology > Departement Psychologie > Ehemalige Einheiten Psychologie > Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology (Schneider)
UniBasel Contributors:Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Cambridge University Press
ISSN:0033-2917
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:20 Apr 2021 03:11
Deposited On:08 Jun 2012 06:44

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