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Plasma 24S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) is increased in Alzheimer and vascular demented patients

Lütjohann, D. and Papassotiropoulos, A. and Björkhem, I. and Locatelli, S. and Bagli, M. and Oehring, R. D. and Schlegel, U. and Jessen, F. and Rao, M. L. and von Bergmann, K. and Heun, R.. (2000) Plasma 24S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) is increased in Alzheimer and vascular demented patients. Journal of Lipid Research, 41 (2). pp. 195-198.

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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal cell loss associated with membrane cholesterol release. 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OH-Chol) is an enzymatically oxidized product of cholesterol mainly synthesized in the brain. We tested the hypothesis that plasma levels of this oxysterol could be used as a putative biochemical marker for an altered cholesterol homeostasis in the brain of AD patients. Thirty patients with clinical criteria for AD, 30 healthy volunteers, 18 depressed patients, and 12 patients with vascular dementia (non-Alzheimer demented) were studied. Plasma concentrations of 24S-OH-Chol were assayed by isotope dilution;-mass spectrometry, cholesterol was measured enzymatically, and apolipoprotein E (apoE) was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and restricted fragment length polymorphism. The concentration of 24S-OH-Chol in AD and non-Alzheimer demented patients was modestly but significantly higher than in healthy controls and in depressed patients. There was no significant difference in the concentrations of 24S-OH-Chol between depressed patients and healthy controls nor between AD and non-Alzheimer demented patients. The apoE straightepsilon4 allele influences plasma 24S-OH-Chol. However, this influence could be completely accounted for by the elevated plasma cholesterol in apoE4 hetero- or homozygotes. Plasma 24S-OH-Chol levels correlated negatively with the severity of dementia. AD and vascular demented patients appear to have higher circulating levels of 24S-OH-Chol than depressed patients and healthy controls. We speculate that 24S-OH-Chol plasma levels may potentially be used as an early biochemical marker for an altered cholesterol homeostasis in the central nervous system. 24S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) is increased in Alzheimer and vascular demented patients.
Faculties and Departments:05 Faculty of Science > Departement Biozentrum > Services Biozentrum > Life Sciences Training Facility (Papassotiropoulos)
07 Faculty of Psychology > Departement Psychologie > Ehemalige Einheiten Psychologie > Molecular Neuroscience (Papassotiropoulos)
UniBasel Contributors:Papassotiropoulos, Andreas
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
ISSN:0022-2275
e-ISSN:1539-7262
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Language:English
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Last Modified:21 Nov 2017 13:05
Deposited On:22 Mar 2012 13:17

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