Round the clock protection from outdoors vector exposure in dengue, leishmaniasis and malaria endemic regions

Malaria is an ancient disease with a long and rich history. It has had a profound impact on
human populations over the centuries, and it is likely to have played a significant role in shaping
our evolution. Malaria is one of the oldest infectious diseases known to humanity, and it continues to have a significant impact on global health today. Here we attempt to trace the forms and impacts of malaria from a distant past through historical times to the present. In the last sections, we review the current burdens of malaria across the world and discuss present-day approaches to its management. Only by following, or attempting to follow, malaria throughout its evolution and history can we understand its character and so be better prepared for our future
management of this ancient ill.
We will also discuss another infectious disease spread by Aedes mosquitoes’ dengue. Dengue fever has a long history dating back to the 18th century, primarily affecting tropical and subtropical regions. It has had a significant impact on human health, causing widespread illness and death, as well as resulting in lower productivity and higher healthcare costs. Dengue fever has recently increased in number due to the globalization of travel and trade, making it a rapidly
growing public health issue. Dengue's history emphasizes the significance of efforts to prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases.
Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease that is spread by infected sandflies and is found in many parts of the world resulting in decreased productivity and quality of life. New diagnostic tools, improved treatment, and vector control measures are being used to combat the spread of leishmaniasis. Despite these efforts, leishmaniasis continues to be a neglected public health concern, particularly in resource-limited areas. The history of leishmaniasis demonstrates the impact of neglected tropical diseases and the significance of ongoing prevention efforts.
The thesis studies the outdoor transmission of dengue, leishmaniasis, and malaria and how they affect human outdoor activities. The aim is to understand the preparedness of people for increases in transmission of dengue fever and identify any gaps in knowledge or instruction.
The thesis will also compare different vector control technologies and recommend interventions for controlling the diseases in outdoor settings. The goal is to contribute to the field of vector disease control outdoors and offer insights into the relationship between human behaviour, disease transmission, that may aid in the design of and implementation of optimal packages of intervention strategies.