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Nanopore sequencing reveals endogenous NMD-targeted isoforms in human cells

Karousis, Evangelos D. and Gypas, Foivos and Zavolan, Mihaela and Mühlemann, Oliver. (2021) Nanopore sequencing reveals endogenous NMD-targeted isoforms in human cells. Genome Biology, 22 (1). p. 223.

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Official URL: https://edoc.unibas.ch/84352/

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Abstract

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a eukaryotic, translation-dependent degradation pathway that targets mRNAs with premature termination codons and also regulates the expression of some mRNAs that encode full-length proteins. Although many genes express NMD-sensitive transcripts, identifying them based on short-read sequencing data remains a challenge.; To identify and analyze endogenous targets of NMD, we apply cDNA Nanopore sequencing and short-read sequencing to human cells with varying expression levels of NMD factors. Our approach detects full-length NMD substrates that are highly unstable and increase in levels or even only appear when NMD is inhibited. Among the many new NMD-targeted isoforms that our analysis identifies, most derive from alternative exon usage. The isoform-aware analysis reveals many genes with significant changes in splicing but no significant changes in overall expression levels upon NMD knockdown. NMD-sensitive mRNAs have more exons in the 3΄UTR and, for those mRNAs with a termination codon in the last exon, the length of the 3΄UTR per se does not correlate with NMD sensitivity. Analysis of splicing signals reveals isoforms where NMD has been co-opted in the regulation of gene expression, though the main function of NMD seems to be ridding the transcriptome of isoforms resulting from spurious splicing events.; Long-read sequencing enables the identification of many novel NMD-sensitive mRNAs and reveals both known and unexpected features concerning their biogenesis and their biological role. Our data provide a highly valuable resource of human NMD transcript targets for future genomic and transcriptomic applications.
Faculties and Departments:05 Faculty of Science > Departement Biozentrum > Computational & Systems Biology > Bioinformatics (Zavolan)
UniBasel Contributors:Zavolan, Mihaela and Gypas, Foivos
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:BioMed Central
ISSN:1474-7596
e-ISSN:1474-760X
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Identification Number:
Last Modified:11 Feb 2022 18:45
Deposited On:31 Aug 2021 12:33

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