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Fundamental limits on low-temperature quantum thermometry with finite resolution

Potts, Patrick P. and Brask, Jonatan Bohr and Brunner, Nicolas. (2019) Fundamental limits on low-temperature quantum thermometry with finite resolution. Quantum, 3. p. 161.

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Official URL: https://edoc.unibas.ch/82979/

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Abstract

While the ability to measure low temperatures accurately in quantum systems is important in a wide range of experiments, the possibilities and the fundamental limits of quantum thermometry are not yet fully understood theoretically. Here we develop a general approach to low-temperature quantum thermometry, taking into account restrictions arising not only from the sample but also from the measurement process. We derive a fundamental bound on the minimal uncertainty for any temperature measurement that has a finite resolution. A similar bound can be obtained from the third law of thermodynamics. Moreover, we identify a mechanism enabling sub-exponential scaling, even in the regime of finite resolution. We illustrate this effect in the case of thermometry on a fermionic tight-binding chain with access to only two lattice sites, where we find a quadratic divergence of the uncertainty. We also give illustrative examples of ideal quantum gases and a square-lattice Ising model, highlighting the role of phase transitions.
Faculties and Departments:05 Faculty of Science > Departement Physik > Physik > Theoretical Quantum Physics (Potts)
UniBasel Contributors:Potts, Patrick
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Verein zur Förderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften
e-ISSN:2521-327X
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Language:English
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Last Modified:11 May 2021 09:40
Deposited On:11 May 2021 09:39

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