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Combined Field Inoculations of Pseudomonas Bacteria, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, and Entomopathogenic Nematodes and their Effects on Wheat Performance

Imperiali, Nicola and Chiriboga, Xavier and Schlaeppi, Klaus and Fesselet, Marie and Villacrés, Daniela and Jaffuel, Geoffrey and Bender, S. Franz and Dennert, Francesca and Blanco-Pérez, Ruben and van der Heijden, Marcel G. A. and Maurhofer, Monika and Mascher, Fabio and Turlings, Ted C. J. and Keel, Christoph J. and Campos-Herrera, Raquel. (2017) Combined Field Inoculations of Pseudomonas Bacteria, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, and Entomopathogenic Nematodes and their Effects on Wheat Performance. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8. p. 1809.

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Official URL: https://edoc.unibas.ch/79070/

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Abstract

In agricultural ecosystems, pest insects, pathogens, and reduced soil fertility pose major challenges to crop productivity and are responsible for significant yield losses worldwide. Management of belowground pests and diseases remains particularly challenging due to the complex nature of the soil and the limited reach of conventional agrochemicals. Boosting the presence of beneficial rhizosphere organisms is a potentially sustainable alternative and may help to optimize crop health and productivity. Field application of single beneficial soil organisms has shown satisfactory results under optimal conditions. This might be further enhanced by combining multiple beneficial soil organisms, but this remains poorly investigated. Here, we inoculated wheat plots with combinations of three beneficial soil organisms that have different rhizosphere functions and studied their effects on crop performance. Plant beneficial; Pseudomonas; bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), were inoculated individually or in combinations at seeding, and their effects on plant performance were evaluated throughout the season. We used traditional and molecular identification tools to monitor their persistence over the cropping season in augmented and control treatments, and to estimate the possible displacement of native populations. In three separate trials, beneficial soil organisms were successfully introduced into the native populations and readily survived the field conditions. Various; Pseudomonas; , mycorrhiza, and nematode treatments improved plant health and productivity, while their combinations provided no significant additive or synergistic benefits compared to when applied alone. EPN application temporarily displaced some of the native EPN, but had no significant long-term effect on the associated food web. The strongest positive effect on wheat survival was observed for; Pseudomonas; and AMF during a season with heavy natural infestation by the frit fly,; Oscinella frit; , a major pest of cereals. Hence, beneficial impacts differed between the beneficial soil organisms and were most evident for plants under biotic stress. Overall, our findings indicate that in wheat production under the test conditions the three beneficial soil organisms can establish nicely and are compatible, but their combined application provides no additional benefits. Further studies are required, also in other cropping systems, to fine-tune the functional interactions among beneficial soil organisms, crops, and the environment.
Faculties and Departments:05 Faculty of Science > Departement Umweltwissenschaften > Integrative Biologie > Plant-Microbe Interaction (Schläppi)
UniBasel Contributors:Schläppi, Klaus Bernhard
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Frontiers Media
e-ISSN:1664-462X
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Identification Number:
Last Modified:13 Nov 2020 08:05
Deposited On:05 Nov 2020 11:23

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