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Molecular breath analysis supports altered amino acid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Gaugg, Martin Thomas and Engler, Anna and Bregy, Lukas and Nussbaumer-Ochsner, Yvonne and Eiffert, Lara and Bruderer, Tobias and Zenobi, Renato and Sinues, Pablo and Kohler, Malcolm. (2019) Molecular breath analysis supports altered amino acid metabolism in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.), 24 (5). pp. 437-444.

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Official URL: https://edoc.unibas.ch/75581/

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Abstract

Diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is complex and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Recent findings indicate elevated levels of proline and other amino acids in lung tissue of IPF patients which may also be of diagnostic value. Following these findings, we hypothesized that such altered metabolic profiles would be mirrored in exhaled breath and could therefore be captured non-invasively in real time.; We aimed to validate these results using real-time exhaled breath analysis by secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, which can provide a non-invasive, painless and fast insight into the metabolism. Breath analysis was performed in a matched 1:1 case-control study involving 21 patients with IPF and 21 control subjects.; We found significantly (P < 0.05) elevated levels of proline, 4-hydroxyproline, alanine, valine, leucine/isoleucine and allysine in breath of IPF patients, whereas pyroglutamic acid and phenylalanine did not show significant differences. This coincides with the amino acid's abundance in pulmonary tissue indicating that our observations reflect progressing fibrosis. In addition, amino acid levels correlated across subjects, further supporting a common underlying pathway. We were able to obtain a cross-validated area under the curve of 0.86, suggesting that these increased amino acid levels in exhaled breath have the potential to be used as biomarkers for IPF.; We could validate previous findings of elevated lung tissue amino acid levels in IPF and show that online breath analysis might be a practical tool for a rapid screening for IPF.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Biomedical Engineering > Imaging and Computational Modelling > Translational Medicine Breath Research (Sinues)
UniBasel Contributors:Sinues, Pablo
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
ISSN:1440-1843
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Identification Number:
Last Modified:30 Mar 2020 12:04
Deposited On:30 Mar 2020 12:04

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