Norbäck, D. and Zock, J.-P. and Plana, E. and Heinrich, J. and Tischer, C. and Jacobsen Bertelsen, R. and Sunyer, J. and Künzli, N. and Villani, S. and Olivieri, M. and Verlato, G. and Soon, A. and Schlünssen, V. and Gunnbjörnsdottir, M. I. and Jarvis, D.. (2017) Building dampness and mold in European homes in relation to climate, building characteristics and socio-economic status : The European Community Respiratory Health Survey ECRHS II. Indoor air : international journal of indoor environment and health, 27 (5). pp. 921-932.
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Abstract
We studied dampness and mold in homes in relation to climate, building characteristics and socio-economic status (SES) across Europe, for 7127 homes in 22 centers. A subsample of 3118 homes was inspected. Multilevel analysis was applied, including age, gender, center, SES, climate, and building factors. Self-reported water damage (10%), damp spots (21%), and mold (16%) in past year were similar as observed data (19% dampness and 14% mold). Ambient temperature was associated with self-reported water damage (OR=1.63 per 10°C; 95% CI 1.02-2.63), damp spots (OR=2.95; 95% CI 1.98-4.39), and mold (OR=2.28; 95% CI 1.04-4.67). Precipitation was associated with water damage (OR=1.12 per 100 mm; 95% CI 1.02-1.23) and damp spots (OR=1.11; 95% CI 1.02-1.20). Ambient relative air humidity was not associated with indoor dampness and mold. Older buildings had more dampness and mold (P<.001). Manual workers reported less water damage (OR=0.69; 95% CI 0.53-0.89) but more mold (OR=1.27; 95% CI 1.03-1.55) as compared to managerial/professional workers. There were correlations between reported and observed data at center level (Spearman rho 0.61 for dampness and 0.73 for mold). In conclusion, high ambient temperature and precipitation and high building age can be risk factors for dampness and mold in homes in Europe.
Faculties and Departments: | 03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Public Health > Sozial- und Präventivmedizin > Air Pollution and Health (Künzli) 09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Former Units within Swiss TPH > Air Pollution and Health (Künzli) 09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) |
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UniBasel Contributors: | Künzli, Nino |
Item Type: | Article, refereed |
Article Subtype: | Research Article |
Publisher: | Blackwell |
ISSN: | 0905-6947 |
Note: | Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article |
Identification Number: |
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Last Modified: | 03 Jul 2018 07:37 |
Deposited On: | 03 Jul 2018 07:37 |
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