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Functionality of human thymine DNA glycosylase requires SUMO-regulated changes in protein conformation

Steinacher, Roland and Schär, Primo. (2005) Functionality of human thymine DNA glycosylase requires SUMO-regulated changes in protein conformation. Current biology, Vol. 15, H. 7. pp. 616-623.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A5254001

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Base excision repair initiated by human thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) results in the generation of abasic sites (AP sites) in DNA. TDG remains bound to this unstable repair intermediate, indicating that its transmission to the downstream-acting AP endonuclease is a coordinated process. Previously, we established that posttranslational modification of TDG with Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifiers (SUMOs) facilitates the dissociation of the DNA glycosylase from the product AP site, but the underlying molecular mechanism remained unclear. RESULTS: We now show that upon DNA interaction, TDG undergoes a dramatic conformational change, which involves its flexible N-terminal domain and accounts for the nonspecific DNA binding ability of the enzyme. This function is required for efficient processing of the G.T mismatch but then cooperates with the specific DNA contacts established in the active site pocket of TDG to prevent its dissociation from the product AP site after base release. SUMO1 conjugation to the C-terminal K330 of TDG modulates the DNA binding function of the N terminus to induce dissociation of the glycosylase from the AP site while it leaves the catalytic properties of base release in the active site pocket of the enzyme unaffected. CONCLUSION: Our data provide insight into the molecular mechanism of SUMO modification mediated modulation of enzymatic properties of TDG. A conformational change, involving the N-terminal domain of TDG, provides unspecific DNA interactions that facilitate processing of a wider spectrum of substrates at the expense of enzymatic turnover. SUMOylation then reverses this structural change in the product bound TDG.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Biomedizin > Division of Biochemistry and Genetics > Molecular Genetics (Schär)
UniBasel Contributors:Steinacher, Roland and Schär, Primo Leo
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Cell Press
ISSN:0960-9822
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:22 Mar 2012 14:23
Deposited On:22 Mar 2012 13:33

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