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Vaccine adjuvants--understanding molecular mechanisms to improve vaccines

Egli, Adrian and Santer, Deanna M. and Barakat, Khaled and Zand, Martin and Levin, Aviad and Vollmer, Madeleine and Weisser, Maja and Khanna, Nina and Kumar, Deepali and Tyrrell, D. Lorne and Houghton, Michael and Battegay, Manuel and O'Shea, Daire. (2014) Vaccine adjuvants--understanding molecular mechanisms to improve vaccines. Swiss Medical Weekly, 144. w13940.

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Official URL: https://edoc.unibas.ch/61719/

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Abstract

Infectious pathogens are responsible for high utilisation of healthcare resources globally. Attributable morbidity and mortality remains exceptionally high. Vaccines offer the potential to prime a pathogen-specific immune response and subsequently reduce disease burden. Routine vaccination has fundamentally altered the natural history of many frequently observed and serious infections. Vaccination is also recommended for persons at increased risk of severe vaccine-preventable disease. Many current nonadjuvanted vaccines are poorly effective in the elderly and immunocompromised populations, resulting in nonprotective postvaccine antibody titres, which serve as surrogate markers for protection. The vaccine-induced immune response is influenced by: (i.) vaccine factors i.e., type and composition of the antigen(s), (ii.) host factors i.e., genetic differences in immune-signalling or senescence, and (iii.) external factors such as immunosuppressive drugs or diseases. Adjuvanted vaccines offer the potential to compensate for a lack of stimulation and improve pathogen-specific protection. In this review we use influenza vaccine as a model in a discussion of the different mechanisms of action of the available adjuvants. In addition, we will appraise new approaches using "vaccine-omics" to discover novel types of adjuvants.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Biomedizin > Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel > Applied Microbiology Research (Egli)
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Biomedizin > Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel > Infection Biology (Khanna)
UniBasel Contributors:Egli, Adrian and Khanna, Nina
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Further Journal Contribution
Publisher:EMH Schweizerischer Arzteverlag
ISSN:1424-7860
e-ISSN:1424-3997
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal item
Identification Number:
Last Modified:22 Jul 2020 12:38
Deposited On:22 Jul 2020 12:38

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