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Is physical activity a modifier of the association between air pollution and arterial stiffness in older adults: The SAPALDIA cohort study

Endes, Simon and Schaffner, Emmanuel and Caviezel, Seraina and Dratva, Julia and Stolz, Daiana and Schindler, Christian and Künzli, Nino and Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno and Probst-Hensch, Nicole. (2017) Is physical activity a modifier of the association between air pollution and arterial stiffness in older adults: The SAPALDIA cohort study. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 220 (6). pp. 1030-1038.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/55924/

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Abstract

Air pollution and insufficient physical activity have been associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, molecular mechanisms linked to arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease. There are no studies on how physical activity modifies the association between air pollution and arterial stiffness. We examined whether the adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution were modified by individual physical activity levels in 2823 adults aged 50-81 years from the well-characterized Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases (SAPALDIA).; We assessed arterial stiffness as the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV [m/s]) with an oscillometric device. We administered a self-reported physical activity questionnaire to classify each subject's physical activity level. Air pollution exposure was estimated by the annual average individual home outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 (particulate matter <10μm and <2.5μm in diameter, respectively) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) exposure estimated for the year preceding the survey. Exposure estimates for ultrafine particles calculated as particle number concentration (PNC) and lung deposited surface area (LDSA) were available for a subsample (N=1353). We used mixed effects logistic regression models to regress increased arterial stiffness (baPWV≥14.4m/s) on air pollution exposure and physical activity while adjusting for relevant confounders.; We found evidence that the association of air pollution exposure with baPWV was different between inactive and active participants. The probability of having increased baPWV was significantly higher with higher PM10, PM2.5, NO2, PNC and LDSA exposure in inactive, but not in physically active participants. We found some evidence of an interaction between physical activity and ambient air pollution exposure for PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 (pinteraction=0.06, 0.09, and 0.04, respectively), but not PNC and LDSA (pinteraction=0.32 and 0.35).; Our study provides some indication that physical activity may protect against the adverse vascular effects of air pollution in low pollution settings. Additional research in large prospective cohorts is needed to assess whether the observed effect modification translates to high pollution settings in mega-cities of middle and low-income countries.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Public Health > Sozial- und Präventivmedizin > Air Pollution and Health (Künzli)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Former Units within Swiss TPH > Air Pollution and Health (Künzli)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
UniBasel Contributors:Schaffner, Emmanuel and Caviezel, Seraina and Dratva, Julia and Schindler, Christian and Künzli, Nino and Probst Hensch, Nicole
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:1438-4639
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Identification Number:
Last Modified:04 Oct 2017 11:47
Deposited On:04 Oct 2017 11:47

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