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Characterization of a melamino nitroheterocycle as a potential lead for the treatment of human african trypanosomiasis

Giordani, Federica and Buschini, Annamaria and Baliani, Alessandro and Kaiser, Marcel and Brun, Reto and Barrett, Michael P. and Pellacani, Claudia and Poli, Paola and Gilbert, Ian H.. (2014) Characterization of a melamino nitroheterocycle as a potential lead for the treatment of human african trypanosomiasis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Vol. 58, H. 10. pp. 5747-5757.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6308422

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Abstract

This paper reports an evaluation of a melamino nitroheterocycle, a potential lead for further development as an agent against human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). Studies on its efficacy, physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties, and potential for toxicity are described. The compound previously had been shown to possess exceptional activity against Trypanosoma brucei in in vitro assays comparable to that of melarsoprol. Here, we demonstrate that the compound also was curative in the stringent acute mouse model T. brucei rhodesiense STIB 900 when given intraperitoneally at 40 mg/kg of body weight. Nevertheless, activity was only moderate when the oral route was used, and no cure was obtained when the compound was tested in a stage 2 rodent model of infection. Genotoxic profiling revealed that the compound induces DNA damage by a mechanism apparently independent from nitroreduction and involving the introduction of base pair substitutions (Ames test), possibly caused by oxidative damage of the DNA (comet test). No significant genotoxicity was observed at the chromosome level (micronucleus assay). The lack of suitable properties for oral and central nervous system uptake and the genotoxic liabilities prevent the progression of this melamine nitroheterocycle as a drug candidate for HAT. Further modification of the compound is required to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of the molecule and to separate the trypanocidal activity from the toxic potential.
Faculties and Departments:09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology (MPI) > Parasite Chemotherapy (Mäser)
UniBasel Contributors:Kaiser, Marcel and Brun, Reto
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:American Society for Microbiology
ISSN:0066-4804
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:07 Nov 2014 08:28
Deposited On:07 Nov 2014 08:28

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