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Working memory capacity and self-regulatory behavior : toward an individual differences perspective on behavior determination by automatic versus controlled processes

Hofmann, Wilhelm and Gschwendner, Tobias and Friese, Malte and Wiers, Reinout W. and Schmitt, Manfred. (2008) Working memory capacity and self-regulatory behavior : toward an individual differences perspective on behavior determination by automatic versus controlled processes. Journal of personality and social psychology, Vol. 95, no. 4. pp. 962-977.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A5251575

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Abstract

In the present research, the authors investigated how individual differences in working memory capacity moderate the relative influence of automatic versus controlled precursors on self-regulatory behavior. In 2 studies, on sexual interest behavior (Study 1) and the consumption of tempting food (Study 2), automatic attitudes toward the temptation of interest had a stronger influence on behavior for individuals who scored low rather than high in working memory capacity. Analogous results emerged in Study 3 on anger expression in a provoking situation when a measure of the automatic personality trait of angriness was employed. Conversely, controlled dispositions such as explicit attitudes (Study 1) and self-regulatory goals (Studies 2 and 3) were more effective in guiding behavior for participants who scored high rather than low in working memory capacity. Taken together, these results demonstrate the importance of working memory capacity for everyday self-regulation and suggest an individual differences perspective on dual-process or dual-system theories of human behavior.
Faculties and Departments:07 Faculty of Psychology > Departement Psychologie > Ehemalige Einheiten Psychologie > Sozial- und Wirtschaftspsychologie (Wänke)
UniBasel Contributors:Friese, Malte
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:American Psychological Association
ISSN:0022-3514
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:22 Mar 2012 14:25
Deposited On:22 Mar 2012 13:45

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