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Rivastigmine for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery--a randomized controlled trial

Gamberini, Melanie and Bolliger, Daniel and Lurati Buse, Giovanna A. and Burkhart, Christoph S. and Grapow, Martin and Gagneux, Alexa and Filipovic, Miodrag and Seeberger, Manfred D. and Pargger, Hans and Siegemund, Martin and Carrel, Thierry and Seiler, Walter O. and Berres, Manfred and Strebel, Stephan P. and Monsch, Andreas U. and Steiner, Luzius A.. (2009) Rivastigmine for the prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery--a randomized controlled trial. Critical care medicine, Vol. 37, H. 5. pp. 1762-1768.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A5250770

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac surgery is frequently followed by postoperative delirium, which is associated with increased 1-year mortality, late cognitive deficits, and higher costs. Currently, there are no recommendations for pharmacologic prevention of postoperative delirium. Impaired cholinergic transmission is believed to play an important role in the development of delirium. We tested the hypothesis that prophylactic short-term administration of oral rivastigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, reduces the incidence of delirium in elderly patients during the first 6 days after elective cardiac surgery. DESIGN:: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: One Swiss University Hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred twenty patients aged 65 or older undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. INTERVENTION: Patients were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 3 doses of 1.5 mg of oral rivastigmine per day starting the evening before surgery and continuing until the evening of the sixth postoperative day. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary predefined outcome was delirium diagnosed with the Confusion Assessment Method within 6 days postoperatively. Secondary outcome measures were the results of daily Mini-Mental State Examinations and clock drawing tests, and the use of a rescue treatment consisting of haloperidol and/or lorazepam in patients with delirium. Delirium developed in 17 of 57 (30%) and 18 of 56 (32%) patients in the placebo and rivastigmine groups, respectively (p = 0.8). There was no treatment effect on the time course of Mini-Mental State Examinations and clock drawing tests (p = 0.4 and p = 0.8, respectively). There was no significant difference in the number of patients receiving haloperidol (18 of 57 and 17 of 56, p = 0.9) or lorazepam (38 of 57 and 35 of 56, p = 0.6) in the placebo and rivastigmine groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: This negative or, because of methodologic issues, possibly failed trial does no support short-term prophylactic administration of oral rivastigmine to prevent postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Bereich Querschnittsfächer (Klinik) > Anästhesiologie
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Klinische Forschung > Bereich Querschnittsfächer (Klinik) > Anästhesiologie
03 Faculty of Medicine > Bereich Medizinische Fächer (Klinik) > Geriatrie
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Klinische Forschung > Bereich Medizinische Fächer (Klinik) > Geriatrie
07 Faculty of Psychology > Departement Psychologie
UniBasel Contributors:Strebel, Stephan P. and Pargger, Hans and Seeberger-Stucky, Manfred and Filipovic, Miodrag and Steiner, Luzius A. and Siegemund, Martin and Monsch, Andreas U
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN:0090-3493
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:24 May 2013 09:05
Deposited On:22 Mar 2012 13:38

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