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Characterization of a serine hydrolase targeted by acyl-protein thioesterase inhibitors in toxoplasma gondii

Kemp, Louise E. and Rusch, Marion and Adibekian, Alexander and Bullen, Hayley E. and Graindorge, Arnault and Freymond, Céline and Rottmann, Matthias and Braun-Breton, Catherine and Baumeister, Stefan and Porfetye, Arthur T. and Vetter, Ingrid R. and Hedberg, Christian and Soldati-Favre, Dominique. (2013) Characterization of a serine hydrolase targeted by acyl-protein thioesterase inhibitors in toxoplasma gondii. Journal of biological chemistry, Vol. 288, H. 38. pp. 27002-27018.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6184018

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Abstract

In eukaryotic organisms, cysteine palmitoylation is an important reversible modification that impacts protein targeting, folding, stability, and interactions with partners. Evidence suggests that protein palmitoylation contributes to key biological processes in Apicomplexa with the recent palmitome of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum reporting over 400 substrates that are modified with palmitate by a broad range of protein S-acyl transferases. Dynamic palmitoylation cycles require the action of an acyl-protein thioesterase (APT) that cleaves palmitate from substrates and conveys reversibility to this posttranslational modification. In this work, we identified candidates for APT activity in Toxoplasma gondii. Treatment of parasites with low micromolar concentrations of β-lactone- or triazole urea-based inhibitors that target human APT1 showed varied detrimental effects at multiple steps of the parasite lytic cycle. The use of an activity-based probe in combination with these inhibitors revealed the existence of several serine hydrolases that are targeted by APT1 inhibitors. The active serine hydrolase, TgASH1, identified as the homologue closest to human APT1 and APT2, was characterized further. Biochemical analysis of TgASH1 indicated that this enzyme cleaves substrates with a specificity similar to APTs, and homology modeling points toward an APT-like enzyme. TgASH1 is dispensable for parasite survival, which indicates that the severe effects observed with the β-lactone inhibitors are caused by the inhibition of non-TgASH1 targets. Other ASH candidates for APT activity were functionally characterized, and one of them was found to be resistant to gene disruption due to the potential essential nature of the protein.
Faculties and Departments:09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
09 Associated Institutions > Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) > Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology (MPI) > Parasite Chemotherapy (Mäser)
UniBasel Contributors:Rottmann, Matthias
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:American Society of Biological Chemists
ISSN:0021-9258
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:31 Jan 2014 09:49
Deposited On:31 Jan 2014 09:49

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