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Dopaminergic dysfunction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), differences between pharmacologically treated and never treated young adults : a 3,4-dihdroxy-6-[18F]fluorophenyl-l-alanine PET study

Ludolph, A. G. and Kassubek, J. and Schmeck, K. and Glaser, C. and Wunderlich, A. and Buck, A. K. and Reske, S. N. and Fegert, J. M. and Mottaghy, F. M.. (2008) Dopaminergic dysfunction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), differences between pharmacologically treated and never treated young adults : a 3,4-dihdroxy-6-[18F]fluorophenyl-l-alanine PET study. NeuroImage, Vol. 41, H. 3. pp. 718-727.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6007156

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Abstract

The dopaminergic system plays a key role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate (MP), a dopamine (DA) reuptake inhibitor, is a drug of first choice for treating ADHD. This cross-over study investigated alterations in DA metabolism in young males with ADHD who had never been pharmacologically treated and MP-treated patients in comparison to healthy subjects. Dynamic 3,4-dihdroxy-6-[18F]fluorophenyl-L-alanine (FDOPA) PET scans were carried out on 20 male patients with ADHD and 18 healthy men. Eight ADHD patients had never been treated with psychostimulants, the rest had received MP. Based on the tissue-slope-intercept plot parametric images of FDOPA influx rate constant (Ki) were generated for each subject from dynamic 3D FDOPA datasets and transformed into standard stereotactic space. First a volume of interest analysis was performed on each single subject. In a second step data were introduced to a SPM2 analysis to detect significant changes in mean voxel Ki values between the normal control group and each patient group. In comparison to controls, ADHD patients as a group (irrespective of treatment status) showed a lower Ki in bilateral putamen, amygdala and dorsal midbrain. There was a lower Ki in the left putamen, right amygdala and right dorsal midbrain in untreated patients compared to controls together with a relative higher influx in the left amygdala and right anterior cingulate cortex. In contrast, methylphenidate treatment was associated with a significantly lower Ki in the striatum and amygdala bilaterally, and in the right dorsal midbrain. Untreated young adult ADHD patients showed a dopamine dysfunction that might be partly due to compensatory mechanisms. MP seems to down-regulate dopamine turnover. This effect might be one component in the mechanism of action of this drug in ADHD treatment.
Faculties and Departments:03 Faculty of Medicine > Bereich Psychiatrie (Klinik) > Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie UPK > Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie (Schmeck)
03 Faculty of Medicine > Departement Klinische Forschung > Bereich Psychiatrie (Klinik) > Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie UPK > Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie (Schmeck)
UniBasel Contributors:Schmeck, Klaus
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Elsevier
ISSN:1095-9572
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
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Last Modified:08 Nov 2012 16:23
Deposited On:08 Nov 2012 16:20

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